Islam’s Fairness in Provisions: Full Freedom in satisfaction of Instinctive Needs under Set rules but no Compromise on Obligatory Duties
God has created the universe with a purpose. Among all the creatures, Adam and his children are honored as prestigious and benevolent creatures as His deputies on the earth. So, he has bestowed human beings with reasoning power and also given freedom of choice in life to see how much and how fair humans thank Him within the short life provided. He also provided all luxuries, hidden treasures of nature to explore. So, it is reminded in V-42:19,” Allah is very Gracious and Kind to His slaves. He gives provisions to whom He wills. And He is the All-Strong, the All-Mighty.”
Mankind is by nature weak in emotional control of temptation. So, Allah, being aware of it, described this phenomenon in V:4-28,” Allah wishes to lighten (the burden) for you; and man was created weak (cannot be patient to leave sexual intercourse with woman).”
Rules of Islamic theology are precise on the basic faith that He will forgive all sins in the long run except shirk/association with authority, V-4:48,” Verily, Allah forgives not that partners should be set up with him in worship, but He forgives except that (anything else) to whom He pleases, and whoever sets up partners with Allah in worship, he has indeed invented a tremendous sin.”
To control extremist and abnormal behavior, Divine knowledge is provided through holy books and prophets to remind humans of the purpose of life and to control evil intentions. In order to perceive through rational created senses, one should have self-control to remain in provided guidelines to satisfy the natural instincts. So, it is made clear that the final authority is the Creator of all types of living beings, like stated in V-42:49-50,” To Allah belongs the kingdom of the heavens and the earth. He creates what He wills. He bestows female (offspring) upon whom He wills, and bestows male (offspring) upon whom He wills. Or He bestows both males and females, and He renders barren whom He wills. Verily, He is the All-Knower and is Able to do all things.”
Mankind is repeatedly reminded that judgment day is must, so control the aggressive self, follow guidelines, and invest in good deeds with fellow human beings for reward, otherwise one will be punished properly for misconduct. Those who remain alert control their extreme behavior with fear of Allah, recorded ama-nama and being cross questioned for deeds. As Allah is gracious in His forgiveness to mankind and will even extra bless extra righteous persons for their deeds, it is declared in V-4:173,” So, as for those who believed (in the Oneness of Allah - Islamic Monotheism) and did deeds of righteousness, He will give their (due) rewards, and more out of His Bounty. But as for those who refuse His worship and were proud, He will punish them with a painful torment. And they will not find for themselves besides Allah any protector or helper.”
Therefore. religion is the right, moderate direction to pass a healthy and peaceful life, is so simple, easy to follow, providing genuine facilities to enjoy the instinctive needs but not to cross limits to harm a civil society by following responsibilities, rights and duties as a civilized person to flourish in society. Islam is based on human nature and provides insight in full freedom for satisfaction of instinctive needs but it has balanced control in expression like a wild animal. In order to control the extremity in a civilized society, it has guided principles to keep in limits for human mental hygiene. Therefore, code of ethics is introduced to have self-control in life under set rules. Being a generous guide to His mankind, Allah has delivered guidelines for self-correction in a simplified pattern such as given in V-42:36-43,” So whatever you have been given is but a passing enjoyment for this worldly life, but that which is with Allah (Paradise) is better and more lasting for those who believe (in the Oneness of Allah Islamic Monotheism) and put their trust in their Lord (concerning all of their affairs). And those who avoid the greater sins, and Al-Fawahish (illegal sexual intercourse, etc.), and when they are angry, they forgive. And those who answer the Call of their Lord [i.e. to believe that He is the only One Lord (Allah), and to worship none but Him Alone], and perform As-Salat (Iqamat-as-Salat), and who (conduct) their affairs by mutual consultation, and who spend of what We have bestowed on them; And those who, when an oppressive wrong is done to them, they take revenge. The recompense for an evil is an evil like thereof, but whoever forgives and makes reconciliation, his reward is due from Allah. Verily, He likes not the Zalimun (oppressors, polytheists, and wrong-doers, etc.). And indeed, whosoever takes revenge after he has suffered wrong, for such there is no way (of blame) against them. The way (of blame) is only against those who oppress men and wrongly rebel in the earth, for such there will be a painful torment. And verily, whosoever shows patience and forgives that would truly be from the things recommended by Allah.”
Qur’an is full of wisdom on how to pass a peaceful, meaningful life under the sovereignty of the sole Creator who is immortal, one unique force and handling His universal system according to set programming. Unfortunately, Muslim society has mixed taboos, cultural standards, rituals or family preferences in meeting the simple sexual needs in time by defaming the Islamic concepts in the world.
Mankind has weaknesses as revealed 1440 years in the Quran like Zaeef (Emotionally Weak), Fawish (Shameful deeds/Malicious), Zalem (Cruel), Jahel (Ignorant), Insaan (Forgetful/short memory)Umyun (Short-sighted), Sumun (Deaf), Nadimeen (Repenter), Khaaen (Traitor/Dishonest), Nafsee (Selfish/Self-willed), Haased (Jealous), Khaasem (Argumentative), maaker (Conspirator), Mureeb (Blocked with confusion), Saroora (Deranged), Aashir (Self-centered), Alaudoon (Crossing limits), Khataea (Sinner), Maazeera (Excuser), Mutufafeen (Cheater), Ghaween (Lost) etc. In human beings, instinct play an aggressive role. Besides hunger, thirst and free air for living, sex is the most important instinct in the living being which is compulsory and also part of multiplication; it is hard to control as humans turn wild and create social disharmony in the form of aggressive, abnormal components in a civilized culture. To meet the instinctive needs, there is fair, genuine and legitimate ways to meet these needs and after it to thank the Lord as advised in V-42: 11-12,” The Creator of the heavens and the earth. He has made for you mates from yourselves, and for the cattle (also) mates. By this means He creates you (in the wombs). There is nothing like unto Him, and He is the All-Hearer, the All-Seer. To Him belong the keys of the heavens and the earth, He enlarges provision for whom He wills, and straitens (it for whom He wills). Verily! He is the All-Knower of everything.”
Some of the rigid clients, who instead of marrying according to available marital partners waste time in unique choices, due to repression of id impulses for a long time or having sexual abuse incidents, are often under ego defense mechanism. They are mentally derailed to such an extent that they are involved in de-zoning projection and start perceiving sexual harassment and sexual advancement against desired persons. Social and cultural taboos favor these people for piousness, and the innocent become targets in such situations. So, it is not the fault of religious ethical and moral codes, rather misperception of the cultural restrictions. Islam encourages to have contracted marriages in time to save from illegitimate affairs, and encourages to marry the deprived to start a normal, peaceful life, as provided in Al-Nissa. This surah is full of guidelines on how to complete a marriage process with meher (bond) to keep this relation in life and not just for fun and pleasure. Even more than a single marriage is allowed, but men are warned to be just in dealing fully with rights of each wive, or otherwise be questioned as quoted in An-Nissa, in V-4:129-130.” You will never be able to do perfect justice between wives even if it is your ardent desire, so do not incline too much to one of them (by giving her more of your time and provision) so as to leave the other hanging (i.e. neither divorced nor married). And if you do justice, and do all that is right and fear Allah by keeping away from all that is wrong, then Allah is Ever Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful. But if they separate (by divorce), Allah will provide abundance for everyone of them from His Bounty. And Allah is Ever All-Sufficient for His creatures' need, All-Wise.”
For the meeting of instinctive needs and checking vulgarity in society, when nobody is available, men can go for an available maid through marriage contract, advised in V-4:25,” And whoever of you have not the means wherewith to wed free, believing women, they may wed believing girls from among those (captives and slaves) whom your right hands possess, and Allah has full knowledge about your Faith, you are one from another. Wed them with the permission of their own folk (guardians, Auliya' or masters) and give them their Mahr according to what is reasonable; they (the above said captive and slave-girls) should be chaste, not adulterous, nor taking boy-friends. And after they have been taken in wedlock, if they commit illegal sexual intercourse, their punishment is half that for free (unmarried) women. This is for him among you who is afraid of being harmed in his religion or in his body; but it is better for you that you practise self-restraint, and Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.
Muslims are advised to prefer love over instinct and keep peace with spouses in the religion of peace, narrated in V-4:128,” And if a woman fears cruelty or desertion on her husband's part, there is no sin on them both if they make terms of peace between themselves; and making peace is better. And human inner-selves are swayed by greed. But if you do good and keep away from evil, verily, Allah is Ever Well-Acquainted with what you do.”
In order to control sexual exploitation in the Muslim society in the constant battles when women’s numbers superseded those of men, men were even allowed to marry more with justice in dealing among them stated in V-4:3,”And if you fear that you shall not be able to deal justly with the orphan-girls, then marry (other) women of your choice, two or three, or four but if you fear that you shall not be able to deal justly (with them), then only one or (the captives and the slaves) that your right hands possess. That is nearer to prevent you from doing injustice.”
Human beings are repeatedly warned to use reasoning in all affairs by following the rules practically and if major sins are controlled, still He will forgive the minors as He is very generous in blessings to the righteous, as repeated in V-4:31-32,” If you avoid the great sins which you are forbidden to do, We shall remit from you your (small) sins, and admit you to a Noble Entrance (i.e. Paradise).And wish not for the things in which Allah has made some of you to excel others. For men there is reward for what they have earned, (and likewise) for women there is reward for what they have earned, and ask Allah of His Bounty. Surely, Allah is Ever All-Knower of everything.”
As far as preliminary practices are obligatory, one must follow them and leniency is provided to stick fast to prayers with senses in all types of circumstances such as stated in V-4:43,” O you who believe! Approach not As-Salat (the prayer) when you are in a drunken state until you know (the meaning) of what you utter, nor when you are in a state of Janaba, (i.e. in a state of sexual impurity and have not yet taken a bath) except when travelling on the road (without enough water, or just passing through a mosque), till you wash your whole body. And if you are ill, or on a journey, or one of you comes after answering the call of nature, or you have been in contact with women (by sexual relations) and you find no water, perform Tayammum with clean earth and rub therewith your faces and hands (Tayammum). Truly, Allah is Ever Oft-Pardoning, Oft-Forgiving.”
Allah is kind and gracious and is aware of weaknesses or physical limitations, so under hard conditions, He has temporarily allowed Muslims to eat prohibited foods. Allah is generous to mankind to meet the natural instinctive needs, and Muslims are allowed to marry the Ahele kitab with expressed contract of marriage allowed instead of illegal sexual affairs. It is quoted in V-5:5 Made lawful to you this day are At-Tayyibat [all kinds of Halal (lawful) foods, which Allah has made lawful (meat of slaughtered eatable animals, etc., milk products, fats, vegetables and fruits, etc.). The food (slaughtered cattle, eatable animals, etc.) of the people of the Scripture (Jews and Christians) is lawful to you and yours is lawful to them. (Lawful to you in marriage) are chaste women from the believers and chaste women from those who were given the Scripture (Jews and Christians) before your time, when you have given their due Mahr (bridal money given by the husband to his wife at the time of marriage), desiring chastity (i.e. taking them in legal wedlock) not committing illegal sexual intercourse, nor taking them as girl-friends. And whosoever disbelieves in the Oneness of Allah and in all the other Articles of Faith [i.e. His (Allah's), Angels, His Holy Books, His Messengers, the Day of Resurrection and Al-Qadar (Divine Preordainments)], then fruitless is his work, and in the Hereafter, he will be among the losers.”
Keeping in view the human urges, Allah provided leniency to meet the legal instinctive needs but He provided a way out to keep the primary practices despite all situational circumstances. In this respect, easy and comprehensive directions are provided for the insight of true Muslims to keep prayers in time under all circumstances. It is revealed in V-2:187,” It is made lawful for you to have sexual relations with your wives on the night of As-Saum (the fasts). They are Libas [i.e. body cover, or screen, or Sakan, (i.e. you enjoy the pleasure), for you and you are the same for them. Allah knows that you used to deceive yourselves, so He turned to you (accepted your repentance) and forgave you. So now have sexual relations with them and seek that which Allah has ordained for you (offspring), and eat and drink until the white thread (light) of dawn appears to you distinct from the black thread (darkness of night), then complete your Saum (fast) till the nightfall. And do not have sexual relations with them (your wives) while you are in I'tikaf (i.e. confining oneself in a mosque for prayers and invocations leaving the worldly activities) in the mosques. These are the limits (set) by Allah, so approach them not. Thus, does Allah make clear His Ayat (proofs, evidences, lessons, signs, revelations, verses, laws, legal and illegal things, Allah's set limits, orders, etc.) to mankind that they may become Al-Muttaqun (the pious).
Islamic theology is based on reasoning and human nature but it is strict in carrying out the basic pillars of faith like monotheism and regularity in prayers with devotion and piousness. It is still lenient to provide means to carry out practices under hard conditions. Although wudhu and clean pure body and dress is essential, leniency is provided in certain circumstances to complete regular prayer. The example is quoted to meet such circumstances in V-5:6.,” O you who believe! When you intend to offer As-Salat (the prayer), wash your faces and your hands (forearms) up to the elbows, rub (by passing wet hands over) your heads, and (wash) your feet up to ankles. If you are in a state of Janaba (i.e. had a sexual discharge), purify yourself (bathe your whole body). But if you are ill or on a journey or any of you comes from answering the call of nature, or you have been in contact with women (i.e. sexual intercourse) and you find no water, then perform Tayammum with clean earth and rub therewith your faces and hands. Allah does not want to place you in difficulty, but He wants to purify you, and to complete His Favour on you that you may be thankful.”
For creating peace and harmony and easy relaxed life, human beings are advised to behave nicely to all as once one was in the same state, is advised in V-4:96,” Degrees of (higher) grades from Him, and Forgiveness and Mercy. And Allah is Ever Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.”
Allah is so generous to provide leniency under emergency to His mankind, so He allows them to eat the forbidden meal to prevail as noted in V-6:145,” Say (O Muhammad): "I find not in that which has been inspired to me anything forbidden to be eaten by one who wishes to eat it, unless it be Maytatah (a dead animal) or blood poured forth (by slaughtering or the like), or the flesh of swine (pork, etc.) for that surely is impure, or impious (unlawful) meat (of an animal) which is slaughtered as a sacrifice for others than Allah (or has been slaughtered for idols, etc., or on which Allah's Name has not been mentioned while slaughtering). But whosoever is forced by necessity without wilful disobedience, nor transgressing due limits, (for him) certainly, your Lord is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful."
Over all the analysis, it is made clear that although mankind is emotionally weak, they are provided leniency in meeting the instinctive need within a set system but if they are derailed and repent, still the Lord’s door is open in 4-17-18 acceptance of forgiveness, V-4:17-18,”Allah accepts only the repentance of those who do evil in ignorance and foolishness and repent soon afterwards; it is they to whom Allah will forgive and Allah is Ever All-Knower, All-Wise. And of no effect is the repentance of those who continue to do evil deeds until death faces one of them and he says: "Now I repent;" nor of those who die while they are disbelievers. For them We have prepared a painful torment.”
(Cont'd in the Book)